A knee replacement replaces a worn knee joint to reduce pain and restore mobility.
There are different types of knee replacements today, depending on your age, bone quality, activity level and damage to the joint.
At Medifit Reha in Spain, orthopedic surgeons and rehabilitation specialists work together to select the right prosthesis for each patient and create a personalized rehabilitation program.
Also read: Rehabilitation after knee replacement
Materials and construction of a knee replacement
The components of a knee replacement are designed to function as naturally as possible.
Modern prostheses usually consist of a combination of:
- Metal (titanium, chrome, cobalt or stainless steel) for strength and durability.
- Polyethylene (high-performance plastic) for smooth movement between components.
- Sometimes ceramic, with a smooth surface that reduces friction and wear.
The components are attached with or without bone cement (cemented or uncemented). As a result, the bone grows into the prosthesis, or is fixed directly.
đź’ˇ Did you know that modern knee replacements allow for up to 140° of flexion? Not everyone is eligible for this – the orthopedic surgeon will determine what is best for your knee.
Cemented, uncemented and hybrid knee replacements
During surgery, the surgeon will choose the type of fixation that best suits your bone quality.
Cemented knee replacement
The prosthesis is secured with a special type of bone cement.
âś… Advantages: very stable, suitable for elderly or less active patients.
⚠️ Disadvantage: the cement may loosen after many years, sometimes requiring revision.
Uncemented knee replacement
The parts have a porous surface that allows the bone to grow naturally into the prosthesis.
âś… Advantage: natural bone growth, no cement.
⚠️ Disadvantage: requires good bone quality, not suitable for everyone.
Hybrid knee replacement
A combination of the two methods: usually the lower leg is cemented, and the upper leg “press-fit” is fixed.
This type is most often used today.
Types of knee replacements
Total knee replacement
The most common surgery. This involves replacing both the femur and tibia, and sometimes the kneecap.
This prosthesis best mimics the natural movement of the knee.
Half knee replacement (unicondylar prosthesis)
Used when wear is only on one side of the knee.
Recovery is faster, but further wear may still require a total prosthesis later.
Knee replacement with stabilization
Placed when a previous knee replacement has worn out or become loose.
These prostheses have longer or sturdier pins that are anchored deeper into the bone.
Revision knee replacement
Placed when a previous knee replacement has worn out or become loose.
These prostheses have longer or sturdier pins that are anchored deeper into the bone.
Custom knee replacement
An individually designed prosthesis based on a 3D scan.
Provides a better fit, but is mainly used in complex or repeated surgeries.
How does the surgeon choose the right knee replacement?
The choice depends on several factors:
- Your age and activity level
- The quality of bone
- The position of the leg and any wear and tear
- Any previous surgeries or abnormalities
The orthopedic surgeon will discuss with you the pros and cons of each option.
At Medifit Reha, we work with several European brands of knee replacements, chosen based on durability and patient comfort.
Rehabilitation after knee replacement in Spain
A successful surgery is only the beginning.
The key to a good result lies in an intensive and professional rehabilitation program.
In our clinic in Moraira (Costa Blanca), Dutch-speaking therapists guide you step by step during your recovery.
👉 Find out more about the Hip and Knee Rehabilitation Program
👉 Learn how it works: How It Works
Frequently Asked Questions
Average 15 to 20 years, depending on load, weight and activity.
Yes, low-impact sports (walking, cycling, swimming) are ideal. Avoid jumping jacks or running.
Often as early as 24 hours after surgery, you will begin light exercises and mobilization under the supervision of a physical therapist.
Conclusion
There are many types of knee replacements, each with their own advantages and disadvantages.
The choice depends on medical, anatomical and personal factors.
At Medifit Reha, we help you make the right decision and accompany you from surgery to full recovery in a comfortable environment on the Costa Blanca.
